• History and Ideas
  • Prehistory to Middle Ages
  • Renaissance, Baroque, Enlightenment
  • 19th Century
  • 20th Century
  • From Millennium to Olympics
• The Genius of Place
  • Design and Vision
  • Planning the Landscape
  • Management and Conservation
  • Historic Conservation
  • The Science of Landscape
  • Cities and Towns
  • Gardens and Parks
• The Power to Change
  • Climate Change
  • Sustainable Communities
  • Environment
  • Housing
  • Hunger
  • Transportation

Prehistory to the Middle Ages (continued)

European landscapes in the middle ages were carefully marked off and heavily defended.  The finest landscapes we have remaining from these times are the places of learning and reverence - universities and monasteries.

Great works of building were happening all over the world at the same time.   Mont St Michel in France, the Alhambra in Spain, and the Forbidden City in Beijing, China were all works in progress at the same time.